Congkak

Congkak is the Indonesian/Malay version of Mancala. It also known as
Congklak or Dakon, and in the Philippines Sungka.

The first diagram shows the position at the start of the game, with 7
seeds in each hole and nothing in each store. Play is in a clockwise
direction, and each player's store hole is on their left.

|   | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |   |
| 0 |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 0 |
|   | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |   |

The player begins by picking up the seeds in any hole on their side of
the board and sowing them clockwise. The player's own store is part of
the circuit for sowing the seeds, but the opponent's store is not.

If the last seed of the sowing falls into an occupied hole (on either
side of the board) which is not the player's store, then the player
takes the seeds from that hole, including the one which has just
landed in it, and sows them clockwise in the same way.

The turn can end in four ways:

- If the last seed falls into the player's own store, then the turn
  ends, but the player immediately takes another turn - again starting
  from any hole on their own side of the board.
- If the last seed falls into an empty hole on the opponent's side of
  the board, the turn ends and it is now the opponent's turn.
- If the last seed falls into an empty hole on the player's own side
  of the board, with the opposite hole empty, then the turn ends and
  it is now the opponent's turn.
- If the last seed falls into an empty hole on the player's own side
  of the board, and the opposite hole has seeds, then the player
  captures these seeds plus the final one they have just sown; the
  captured seeds are put in the store, and it is then the opponent's
  turn.

So from the starting position, suppose the player at the bottom sows
from the second hole on the right. Then this position will occur, with
the last seed just sown in the top left hole ...

|   | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |   |
| 1 |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 0 |
|   | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 7 |   |

... and then the same player carries on sowing from that hole, to give
this position, with the last seed just dropped into an empty hole ...

|   | 0 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |   |
| 1 |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 0 |
|   | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 8 |   |

... so then this seed and the 8 opposite are captured and put in the
store to give the position below. It is now the top player's turn.

|    | 0 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 |   |
| 10 |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 0 |
|    | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 |   |

If a player has no seeds on their side of the board when it is their
turn, then they must pass. The game ends when all the seeds have been
captured by one player or the other. In some versions of the game, the
players can now count up and see who has won. In other versions, a
second game starts, but the player who captured fewer seeds can't use
all the holes on their side of the board. Starting from the left, they
fill as many holes as they can with 7 each of their captured
seeds. The other holes on that side of the board are out of play.

In this situation, the other player fills all their holes with 7 seeds
each. Spare seeds are put in the store of the player who captured
them. Another game then starts, with the player who played second last
time making the first move.

So if in game 1 the bottom player captured 72 seeds and the top player
26, then the second game would start with the position below. The four
empty holes should be covered and excluded from the game.

|    | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 | 7 |   |
| 23 |   |   |   |   |   |   |   | 5 |
|    | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |   |

The series of games continues in this way until eventually one player
captures fewer than 7 seeds in a game - then they have lost.